What is meant by “MSB”?

The term "MSB" stands for "Most Significant Bit." In digital electronics and binary number representation, the most significant bit is the bit that holds the highest value in a binary number. It is located at the far left in a binary sequence and affects the overall magnitude of the number the most. For instance, in the binary number 1101, the leftmost '1' is the MSB, representing the value of 8 in decimal, while the rightmost '1' represents 1.

Understanding the significance of the MSB is crucial when performing operations such as addition, subtraction, or interpreting numeric values, as it directly influences the overall value and can determine the sign of a number in signed binary representations (like two's complement). The concept of the MSB is foundational in digital electronics, particularly in areas involving binary arithmetic and data representation.