What is the primary function of a multiplexer?

A multiplexer, often abbreviated as MUX, is primarily designed to select one out of many input signals and forward that selected signal to a single output line. The key function of a multiplexer is to manage multiple input data sources and facilitate the selection of a specific one based on control signals. This allows for effective data routing in digital circuits, making it an essential component in applications like communication systems, where it can reduce the number of required connections and save on resources.

In terms of its operation, a multiplexer works like a digital switch. It uses binary control signals to determine which input to connect to the output, ensuring that only one signal at a time passes through while the others remain inactive. This selection capability is critical in enabling efficient data management and multiplexing in various electronic systems.